Process of manufacturing lock nuts



Jan. v 1925- W. E. SHARP PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING LOCK NUTS Filed June .26, 1922 55 51 Y QZYUflfi' W/M'a E. @44

Patented den; 6', 1925 ILLIAM E. SHARP, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO GRIP NUT COANY, OE

' CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS. A

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING LOCK NUTS.

Application filed June 26, 1922. Serial No. 570,902.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM E. SHARP, a citizen of the United States, resi'din at Chicago, in the county of Cook and tate of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Process of Manufacturing Lock Nuts, of which the following is a description.

My invention belongs to that general class of bolt nuts designed to so engage the cooperatin son ofvi ration or jar is not likely to occur. It has for its object the process of producing such a nut m a practical and efiicientmanner, in which the product will be accuratel and uniformly constructed.

In t e drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts, I

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the outer face of the blank for such a nut;

Fi 2 is a central view substantially on. the line 44 of Fig. 1 before the nut is threaded or otherwise operated upon;

Fig. 3 is a section similar to Flg. 2 after the initial step of the process has been taken;

Fig. 4 is a section taken substantiall on line 4-4 of Fig- 1 after the nut has een threaded and the final step in its production taken;

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5--5 of Fig. 1 of the finished nut, and

Fi 6 is a section substantially the same as Fig. 3, showing a modification or amplification ofthe first ste in the process.

The preferred type 0 not upon which my process is here illustrated, is that shown in my United States Letters Patent Number 1,271,782, dated July 9, 1918, although the same process is to a greater or less extent applicable to the form of nut shown in-the companion or reverse type, of nut shown in my United States Letters Patent Number 1,298,583, issued March 25, 1919, or even to the standard form of nuts.

In the drawings, 1 illustrates the body of the nut, and'as here described,-2 illustrates an elevated central rib on the outer face of the nut. In preparing the blanks for this type of nutit is found that there is some variation in thethickness of the blank at d eren po nt time for illustrabolt that disengagement by reatially uniform in orderto secure the greatest holding power, or engagement to prevent the nut becomin accidentally detached or disengaged by vibration. In such cases it might occur that the'compression, for instance at the point 3 of Fig. 2, in order to deflect the threads might cause a slight over-deflection of the thread at that pomt, while in attempting to obviate this the deflection at the point 4 might be under-deflected. My process has particularl in mind the necessary steps to secure'uni ormity in'this respect. This uniformityis desirable because in the formation of these lock nuts, it is the effort to give them a predetermined gripping or' looking derived from the deflection or distortion of the threads. It will be appreciated that where thesurfaces to be engaged by the compressing means are uneven, the correower sponding eflect on the threads will be 'uncertain. Where the compression is at separated polnts on even or level surfaces, the

3 effect on the thread will be uniform and the desired gripping secured at opposite points. Where contrary 'conditionsexist, however, the threads at one point may be effected to give the gripping action, whereas the threa'ds at an opposite point, owing to their less degree of compression, will not be capable of giving the maximum grip-Q pir igl power intended.

- e first step in the process therefore is to brin all of the nut blanks down to uniform t icknessthroughout. This I'accomplish by subjecting the nut blank, before the thread is cut therein, to ressure under a suitable machine, which wi bid? the top surface of the nut, as shown in 1 3, to the same plane. In the particular orn'r of blank illustrated in Fig.2, by this particular operation the art' in. proximity to the part 3 would there ore be comp or metal caused to flow u on itself, while, if the ressure is only cient to bring the blanfi 'a uniform thickness and the outer ing brought upon the elevated sections, as

illustrated in the drawing, will cause the metal directly thereunder to flow upon it- .self, bringing the threads at that point closer together, to such an extent that as the nut is. threaded upon its "cooperating bolt on the op osite face, a" finger fit is secured in the rst engagement of thenut,

and as it is screwed home, the threads of the bolt reaching the deflected portions at 3 and 4, these threads will frictionally engage the cooperating threads ofthe bolt to the extent that the nut is securely locked thereon in such manner as to obviate the danger of accidental disengagement by vi bration or jarring. As shown in Fig. 4, and based upon the explanation given of Fig. 3, the compression under the section 3 is therefore shown as greater than at the point under 4 for the reason that the part at sums initially compressed to bring the face of the nut to the same lane. This is simply illustrated by the s ading. As shown in Fig. 5, the modification of the threads directly under the elevated portion 2 by the process described is clearly indicated.

There is, however a further step in the I process that is available and practical, as

' more uniform manner.

presslon 1n a nut sub ected to the process shown in Fig.6. The initial compression, without re ard to whether'the nut-is of uniform thickness or not, brings a compression upon the outer face of the nut so as to compress the metal on both sides of the bolt hole in immediate roximity thereto, as indicated in the shad the top of Fig. 6. This is before the thread is cut in the nut, and by reason of this treatment, the nature or character of' the.

metal on each of the elevated sections or at a plurality of points about the bolt hole, is brought to a more uniform condition.

The cutting of the thread thereafter andthe swond compression hereafter described, finishes the upper section of the nutin a The second comlast described has a tendency to deflect the threads onl near the surface of the-nut,

, that-is,'per aps to a dc th of two or three threads, instead of exten ing downward into the body of the nutto a greater or less 3 extent. This is the'preferred operation, as obviously the compression canbe such' as g to cause the deflection to extend a greater distance into the body of the" nut.

As I have before stated, the same process e'd portions near mamas ber 1,298,583, the compression, however, working at right angles, and leading to a depression in the outer face of the nut rather than toan elevation. In a nut with the usual crown face, the same process is applicable. i

In the preferred form of nuts shown the reduced .area subjected to pressure tends to localize the deflection at those points rather than diffuse the elfect of the pressure throughout the blank, and possib y to the other face of the nut which is preferably unaffected. In the form shown the pressure is localized at a plurality of points, to-wit, at the ridge portions 011 the opposite sides of the bolt hole. The same is true in-the reverse form mentioned, that is, at the depressed sections.

In the drawings the parts are necessarily exaggerated to illustrate the construction and parts.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immateriaL'modifinations may be made in the same ,without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact steps, form, construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, or uses mentioned.

I will not claim herein the: bolt nut dis-- closed, as a new article of manufacture, inasmuch as the same will be presented as the subject matter for a divisional application in keeping with ofiicial requirement to that end.

What I claim asrnew. and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Theprocess of forming a lock nut consisting in. first forming the blank, then a plying pressure tending to reduce the thic ness of the blank, then screw-threading the nut, and again applying pressure to deflect 1 the threads in proximity to the face of the nut. i

2. The process of forming a lock nut consisting in first forming the blank,'then applying pressure tending to reduce the thickness of the blank, then screw-threading the nut and again applying pressure to the face thereof at a plurality of points to'defiect the threads in proximity thereto.

3. The process of forming a lock nut 0011- sisting infirst' forming the blank, then aplying pressure tending to reduce the thicness of the blank, then screw-threading the nut, and again applying pressure to as re-. duced area on one" face of the nut to deflect the threads in-proximity thereto. y 1

d. The glrocessof forming a lock nut includingt e following steps to wit:-'-'-'-evening the face of a blank 'havingan uneven surfacafscrewthreading the interior of the blank, and applying pressure on said evened face to deflect the threads in proximity to theface. I

5. The process of forming a lock nut 5 consisting in treating a blank havin an uneven surface, by applying pressure t ereto to render such surface uniform, then screwthreading the nut, and again applying pressure to deflect the threads in proximity to the face of the nut.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of a subscribing witness.

' -WILLIAM E. SHARP. Witness:

RUTH M. EPHRAIM. 

